O'zbekiston va Xitoyda elektron shartnomalarni huquqiy tartibga solish: qiyosiy huquqiy tadqiqot
Kalit so'zlar:
elektron shartnomalar; elektron tijorat; elektron imzo; ma'lumotlar xabarlari; O'zbekiston; Xitoy; qiyosiy huquq; fuqarolik huquqi; platforma boshqaruviAnnotatsiya
Ushbu maqolada O'zbekiston Respublikasi va Xitoy Xalq Respublikasida elektron shartnomalarning huquqiy tartibga solinishi qiyosiy doktrinal usul orqali o'rganiladi. Elektron shartnomalar endi onlayn savdo uchun istisno usul emas; ular fuqarolik oboroti, iste'molchi bitimlari, platforma savdosi, raqamli xizmatlar va transchegaraviy savdoning odatiy shaklidir. Asosiy tadqiqot savoli shundaki, ikkita fuqarolik-huquqiy yurisdiktsiya umumiy shartnoma doktrinasini elektron tijorat, ma'lumotlar xabarlari, elektron imzolar, platforma majburiyatlari, dalillar va iste'molchilar huquqlarini himoya qilish bo'yicha maxsus qoidalar bilan qanday bog'laydi. O'zbekiston 2022-yilda Elektron tijorat to'g'risidagi maxsus qonun va Elektron raqamli imzo to'g'risidagi yangilangan qonunni qabul qildi, Xitoy esa elektron shartnomalarni Fuqarolik kodeksi, Elektron imzo to'g'risidagi qonun va Elektron tijorat to'g'risidagi qonunga integratsiya qildi. Taqqoslash elektron shakl, taklif va qabul qilish, huquqiy ekvivalentlik va daliliy qiymatni tan olishda sezilarli yaqinlikni, shuningdek, qonunchilik texnikasi, platforma boshqaruvi, sud ko'rsatmalari va avtomatlashtirilgan va standart shakldagi bitimlarni qayta ishlashda muhim farqlarni ko'rsatadi. Maqolada O'zbekistonning so'nggi islohotlari mustahkam asos yaratgani, ammo platforma mas'uliyati, standart shartlar, avtomatlashtirilgan shartnomalar, imzolarni transchegaraviy tan olish va elektron dalillarni yanada aniqlashtirish tranzaksiyalarning aniqligini oshirishi haqida xulosa qilingan.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar
1. Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, especially provisions on transactions, written form, offer and acceptance, contract conclusion, performance, and liability.
2. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan 'On Electronic Commerce', No. LRU-792, 29 September 2022, Lex.uz, https://lex.uz/en/docs/6907193.
3. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan 'On the Electronic Digital Signature', No. LRU-793, 12 October 2022, Lex.uz, https://lex.uz/en/docs/6907238.
4. Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, adopted 28 May 2020, effective 1 January 2021, especially Articles amended. 469
and 491. Official English archive: https://english.www.gov.cn/archive/lawsregulations/202012/31/content_WS5fedad98c6d 0f72576943005.html.
5. Electronic Signature Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted 2004 and subsequently National Database of Laws and Regulations: https://flk.npc.gov.cn/.
6. E-Commerce Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted 31 August 2018 and effective 1 January 2019. National Database of Laws and Regulations: https://flk.npc.gov.cn/.
7. UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce, 1996, and UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signatures, 2001, as comparative background instruments, https://uncitral.un.org/.
8. Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China, judicial interpretations and guiding practice concerning contract disputes, online transactions, standard terms, and electronic evidence.
