QADIMGI DAVR URBANIZATSIYA JARAYONLARI TARIXI (JANUBIY O‘ZBEKISTON MISOLIDA)

Abstract

This article analyzes the formation and development stages of urbanization processes in the ancient period using the example of Southern Uzbekistan, particularly the territory of ancient Bactria. The research findings indicate that the development of agriculture, artificial irrigation systems, handicrafts, and trade relations in the Surkhandarya oasis and adjacent regions played a significant role in the emergence of the first cities and the acceleration of urbanization processes. At the same time, archaeological sites such as Kiziltepa, Kuchuktepa, Bandikhan, Talashkan, and others confirm the high level of urban culture in ancient Bactria. Based on written historical sources and archaeological findings, the study reveals the distinctive features of ancient urbanization processes in Southern Uzbekistan and scientifically substantiates that this region was one of the major historical centers where the earliest urban civilization in Central Asia was formed.