A Comparative Study of Investment Laws in China and Uzbekistan: An Examination Based on Legal Framework and Institutional Practice
Kalit so'zlar:
Comparative Investment Law；Foreign Direct Investment；Legal Framework；Investment Protection；Market Access； China–Uzbekistan Relations； National Treatment；International Investment ArbitrationAnnotatsiya
As China–Uzbekistan economic cooperation deepens against the backdrop of the Belt and Road Initiative, understanding the divergent legal frameworks governing foreign investment in both countries has become increasingly critical for investors and policymakers alike. This paper conducts a systematic comparative study of Chinese and Uzbek investment laws, examining their evolution, structural characteristics, and fundamental institutional designs. Through comparative analysis across three core dimensions—market access regimes, investment protection standards, and dispute resolution mechanisms—the study identifies both convergences and divergences between the two legal systems. The findings reveal that while both countries have embraced national treatment as a foundational principle and strengthened protections against uncompensated expropriation, their approaches differ significantly in regulatory philosophy and institutional implementation: China employs a negative-list model with progressively liberalized market access, while Uzbekistan, following its 2025 legislative overhaul, adopts a more open “residual restriction” approach. Bilateral investment treaties have further aligned protective standards, yet implementation gaps persist. The conclusion proposes a conceptual framework for understanding legal system convergence in transitional economies and offers strategic recommendations for enhancing investment law coordination within the framework of China–Uzbekistan comprehensive strategic partnership.
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