THE CONTRIBUTION OF IMAM SAKKAKI TO ARAB RHETORIC (BALAGHA)
Keywords:
Imam Sakkaki, Arabic rhetoric, Miftah al-Ulum, ‘ilm al-ma’ani, ‘ilm al bayan, ‘ilm al-badi’, speech style, contextual appropriateness, Arabic linguisticsAbstract
This article provides an in-depth analysis of Imam Sakkaki’s scientific contribution to the formation and development of Arabic rhetoric (balagha). The study, based on his work Miftah al-Ulum, highlights the main branches of balagha—‘ilm alma’ani, ‘ilm al-bayan, and ‘ilm al-badi’—as well as the principles of contextual appropriateness of speech, precision of expression, and stylistic beauty. The article demonstrates that Sakkaki’s established rhetorical criteria encompass not only the grammatical aspect of speech but also its semantic subtleties, contextual relevance, and communicative impact. It is also shown that his views formed the basis for the development of later rhetorical schools and created an important stage in the history of Arabic linguistics. The results of the study confirm that Sakkaki’s legacy constitutes a significant theoretical foundation in the formation of Arabic rhetoric as a systematic discipline.
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