O‘SMIRLARDA ARTERIAL GIPERTENZIYA DIAGNOSTIKASI VA DAVOLASH USULLARI
Kalit so'zlar:
o'smirlar, arterial gipertenziya, epidemiologiya, persentil jadvallari, ikkilamchi gipertenziya, xalqaro standartlar, qon bosimi persentillari, epidemiologiya, etiologiya, patogenez, ikkilamchi gipertenziyaAnnotatsiya
Ushbu maqolada o'smirlar orasida arterial gipertenziya (AG) muammosining dolzarbligi, xalqaro statistik ma'lumotlar asosida kasallikning tarqalish ko'rsatkichlari, etiologik omillar, patogenetik mexanizmlar va zamonaviy diagnostika yondashuvlari tahlil qilindi. JSST va NHANES (2017-2020) ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, dunyo bo„yicha 12-19 yoshdagi o'smirlarning 11,2 foizida arterial qon bosimi 95-persentildan yuqori aniqlangan. AQShda o'tkazilgan ko'p markazli tadqiqotlar o'smirlarda AG tarqalishini 8-15% atrofida baholaydi, O'zbekistonda esa bu ko'rsatkich 8-12% ni tashkil etadi. Semizlik bilan og„rigan o„smirlarda AG tarqalishi 24,8% gacha oshadi (normal tana vaznli o'smirlarda 4,5% ga nisbatan). Ikkilamchi AG sabablari orasida buyrak parenximatoz kasalliklari (55-60%), renovaskulyar patologiyalar (10-15%) va endokrin kasalliklar (10-12%) yetakchi o'rin egallaydi. Essensial AG asosan 16-18 yoshli o'smirlarda, asosan ortiqcha tana vazni (OR=3,2) va oilaviy moyillik (OR=3,5-4,0) bilan bog'liq holda rivojlanadi. O'smirlarda AG ertapishloq diagnostikani, yosh, jins va bo'yga moslashtirilgan persentil jadvallaridan foydalanishni, 24 soatlik qon bosimi monitoringini va ikkilamchi sabablarni o'z vaqtida aniqlashni talab qiladi.
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